Compiling: The process by which some human-written coding languages (including Java) are “translated” to machine code (binary).
Static-typing (unlike JavaScript)– variables must have a particular data type when declared (default values will be assigned if not specified)
Case-sensitivity
Requires a class to nest code inside
Syntax includes curled braces ({}) to separate code blocks
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Some highlights:
final: Designates a variable/class/method as unchangable
switch : Designates a branching execution path